CIRCLE

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Definition of circle: A circle is a collection of those points in a plane that are at a given constant distance from a given fixed point in the plane.

    CIRCLE
  • The fixed point is called the centre and the given constant distance is called the radius of the circle.
  • A circle with centre O and radius r is usually denoted by C ( O, r ). 
  • Thus in set notation we write C ( O, r ) = { X : OX = r }

  • Position of point with respect to a circle: A point P is said to lie inside, outside or on the circle C ( O, r ) according as OP < r, OP > r, or OP = r respectively.
  • Concentric circles: Circles having same centre with different radii are called concentric circles.
  • Arc of a circle: A continuous piece of a circle is called an arc.
  • Central angle: Let C ( O, r ) be any circle, then angle whose vertex is O is called the central angle.
  • Chord: A line segment joining any two points on a circle is called a chord of the circle.
  • Diameter: A chord passing through the centre of a circle is known as its diameter.
  • Semi-circle: A diameter of a circle divides it into two equal parts which are arcs. Each arc is called semi-circle.
  • Segment: Let PQ be a chord, then PQ divides the region enclosed by the circle in two parts. Each of the part is called segment of the circle.The segment containing minor arc is called minor segment and the segment containing major arc is called major segment.

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