RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS
Cartesian products of sets If you have two sets A and B. The cartesian product A Ⅹ B = { (a, b ) : a ∈ A, b ∈ B } Example: Let A = { a, b } and B = { 5, 7, 9 }, then A Ⅹ B = { (a, 5 ), (a, 7 ), ( a, 9 ), ( b, 5 ), ( b, 7 ), ( b, 9 ) }. B Ⅹ A = { ( 5, a ), ( 5, b ), ( 7, a ), ( 7, b ), ( 9, a ), ( 9, b ) }. If either A or B is a null set, then A Ⅹ B will also be empty set, i.e. A Ⅹ B = Φ. Two ordered pairs are equal, if and only if the corresponding first elements are equal and the second elements are also equal. Let two ordered pairs ( a, b ) and ( c, d ) be equal, i.e., ( a, b ) = ( c, d ), if and only if a = c and b = d. If there are x elements in A and y element in B, then there are xy elements in A Ⅹ B, i.e., if n(A) = x and n(B)...