MATRIX AND ITS TYPE

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Matrix: A matrix is an ordered rectangular array of numbers or functions. The numbers or functions are called the elements or the entries of the matrix.
Order of a matrix: A matrix having m rows and n columns is called a matrix of order m*n or simply m*n matrix ( read as m by n matrix ).

Types of matrix: 
  • Column matrix: A matrix is said to be a column matrix if it has only one column.
  • Row matrix: A matrix is said to be a row matrix if it has only one row.
  • Square matrix: A matrix in which the number of rows are equal to the number of columns, is called a Square matrix. Thus an m*n matrix is a Square matrix if m = n. Also called as Square matrix od order n.
  • Diagonal matrix: A Square matrix is a diagonal matrix if all its non diagonal elements are zero.
  • Scalar matrix: A diagonal matrix is a scalar matrix if its diagonal elements are equal.
  • Identity matrix: A Square matrix in which elements in the diagonal are all 1 and rest are all zero is called identity matrix.
  • Zero matrix: A matrix is said to be zero matrix or null matrix if all its elements are zero.

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